Hospital & Function of Hospital
The word “hospital “derived from the french word hospitalis
which in turn derived from latin word “hospes” that means “a host or a guest”
A hospital is a health care institution providing treatment to
patients with specialized staff and equipment.
Hospitals are institutions, which are mainly designed for
care for the sick, injured and well.
DEFINITION:-
Hospital is an integral part of a social and medical organization,
the functions of which is to provide for the population complete health care
both curative and preventive, and whose outpatient’s services reach out to the
family and its home environment. The hospital is also a centre for the training
of health worker and for bio social researches.
FUNCTIONS OF THE HOSPITAL
— Patient
care
— Diagnosis
and treatment of disease
— Out
patient services
— Medical
education and training
— Medical
and nursing research
— Prevention
of disease and promotion of health.
CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS
— They
classified according to ,
◦
Length of stay of the patient
Short Term
Long Term
◦
Clinical basis
General
Specialty
◦
Ownership /control basis
Public hospital
Voluntary hospital
Voluntary nursing homes
Corporate hospital
◦
Objectives
Teaching cum research hospital
General hospital
Specialized hospital
Isolation hospital
◦
Size
Teaching hospital
District hospital
Thaluk hospital
CHC
PHC
◦
Management
Union government hospital
State government
Autonomous bodies
Private hospital
Voluntary agencies
◦
System of medicine
Allopathic hospitals
Ayurvedic hospitals
Homeopathic hospitals
Unani hospital
Other system
Organization
of Hospital
OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT
(OPD)
— Consultation
with doctor
— Undergo
investigations
— Minor
procedures
— Health
education
— Receive specialty services
— Rehabilitation
services
•
Medical
•
Surgical
•
OB and Gynec
•
Ophthalmology
•
ENT
•
Pediatrics
•
Orthopedic
•
Cardiology
•
Urology
•
Neurology
•
Psychiatry etc
EMERGENCY/CASUALTY
DEPARTMENT
— Victims
of accidents
— Patients
with cardiac arrest
— Patients
with breathing difficulty
• located
in an area which is Easily accessible to
patients
• Should
have sufficient medical and nursing personnel
• Supplies
and equipments and facilities for meeting
INPATIENT SERVICE (IP)
— Patient
who require continuous medical care and attention
— Stay
overnight or for several days or
weeks or months for diagnosis, treatment
and therapy
— Patients
are given the facilities for lodging, medical and nursing care
Services
ü Dietary
dept
ü Pharmacy
ü Other
paramedical services (radiology and
laboratory)
NURSING DEPARTMENT
— Consist
of nursing service and nursing education service
◦
Nursing
service
– Most
important dept
– Head
: nursing officer / nursing superintendent
– Other
personnel
◦
Assisstant nursing supdt
◦
Nursing supervisors
◦
Head nurses
◦
Staff nurses
◦
All nurses should possess registration/license
to practice as a nurse in the hospital
Nursing education service
◦
Attached nursing educational institutions
◦
Nursing courses : ANM, GNM, BSc nursing, Post
basic BSc nursing, MSc nursing
PARAMEDICAL DEPARTEMENT
— Laboratory
: various investigations are carried out in the laboratories
– Urine
– Feces
– Blood etc
— Different
sessions:
– Hematology
– Biochemistry
– Bacteriology
– Parasitology
– Pathology
– Blood
bank
— Radiology:
Radiological examinations and treatment are provided to the patient
— This
department should have safety precautions to prevent radiological exposure to the patients and staff of the hospital
— Dietary
:Meets the dietary requirements of the patients
– Special
diets are served according to the condition of patients.
Eg : Salt restricted diet, fat restricted diet, diabetic diet etc
– Dietician
is the responsible person for his department
– Pharmacy:
this department is responsible for storing and dispensing medicines and IV fluids
OTHER DEPARTEMENTS
— Administration and accounts
— Housekeeping
— Maintenance
— CSSD
— Laundry department
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