BP 204T. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (THEORY)
Scope: Pathophysiology
is the study of causes of diseases and reactions of the body to such disease
producing causes. This course is designed to impart a thorough knowledge of the
relevant aspects of pathology of various conditions with reference to its pharmacological
applications, and understanding of basic pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence
it will not only help to study the syllabus of pathology, but also to get
baseline knowledge required to practice medicine safely, confidently,
rationally and effectively.
Objectives: Upon
completion of the subject student shall be able to –
1. Describe the
etiology and pathogenesis of the selected disease states;
2. Name the signs
and symptoms of the diseases; and
3. Mention the
complications of the diseases.
Course
content:
Unit I
Basic principles of Cell injury and Adaptation:
Introduction, definitions, Homeostasis, Components and Types
of Feedback systems, Causes of cellular injury, Pathogenesis (Cell membrane
damage, Mitochondrial damage, Ribosome damage, Nuclear damage), Morphology of
cell injury – Adaptive changes (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, Metaplasia,
Dysplasia), Cell swelling, Intra cellular accumulation, Calcification, Enzyme
leakage and Cell Death Acidosis & Alkalosis, Electrolyte imbalance
Basic mechanism involved in the process of inflammation and repair:
Introduction, Clinical signs of inflammation, Different
types of Inflammation, Acute Inflammation, Chronic Inflammation, Mechanism of Inflammation –
Alteration in vascular
permeability and blood flow, migration
of WBC’s, Mediators of inflammation, Basic principles of wound healing in the skin,
Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
Unit II
Cardiovascular
System:
Hypertension, congestive heart failure, ischemic heartdisease (angina, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis)
Respiratory system:
Asthma, Chronic obstructive airways diseases.
Renal system:
Acute and chronic renal failure .
Unit III
Haematological
Diseases:
Iron deficiency Anemia, megaloblastic anemia (Vit B12 and folic
acid), sickle cell anemia, thalasemia, hereditary acquired anemia, hemophilia.
Endocrine system:
Diabetes, thyroid diseases, disorders of sex hormones
Nervous system:
Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, Stroke, psychiatric disorders: depression,
schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Gastrointestinal
system: Peptic Ulcer
Unit IV
Inflammatory bowel diseases, jaundice, hepatitis
(A,B,C,D,E,F) alcoholic liver disease.
Disease of bones and
joints: Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and gout
Principles of cancer:
classification, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer
Unit V
Infectious diseases:
Meningitis, Typhoid, Leprosy, Tuberculosis
Sexually transmitted
diseases: AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea
Recommended
Books (Latest Editions)
1. Vinay Kumar, Abul K.
Abas, Jon C. Aster; Robbins &Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease;
South Asia edition; India; Elsevier; 2014.
2. Harsh Mohan; Text book of Pathology; 6th edition; India;
Jaypee Publications; 2010.
3. Laurence B, Bruce C, Bjorn K. ; Goodman Gilman’s The
Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics; 12th edition; New York; McGraw-Hill;
2011.
4. Best, Charles Herbert
1899-1978; Taylor, Norman Burke 1885-1972; West, John
B (John Burnard); Best
and Taylor’s Physiological basis
of medical practice;
12th ed; united states;
5. William and
Wilkins, Baltimore; 1991 [1990 printing].
6. Nicki R. Colledge, Brian R. Walker, Stuart H.
Ralston;Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine; 21st edition; London;
ELBS/Churchill Livingstone; 2010.
7. Guyton A, John .E Hall; Textbook of Medical Physiology; 12th
edition; WB Saunders Company; 2010.
8. Joseph DiPiro, Robert L. Talbert, Gary Yee, Barbara
Wells, L. Michael Posey; Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiological Approach; 9th
edition; London; McGraw-Hill Medical; 2014.
9. V. Kumar, R. S. Cotran and S. L. Robbins; Basic
Pathology; 6th edition; Philadelphia; WB
Saunders Company; 1997.
10. Roger Walker, Clive Edwards; Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics;
3rd edition; London; Churchill Livingstone publication; 2003.
Recommended Journals
1. The Journal of Pathology. ISSN: 1096-9896 (Online)
2. The American Journal of Pathology. ISSN: 0002-9440
3. Pathology. 1465-3931 (Online)
4. International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and
Pharmacology. ISSN: 1944-8171
(Online)
5. Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.
ISSN-0377-4929.
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